21.07.2026

1. It enabled a non-governmental entity to independently demonstrate the capability to place payloads into Low Earth Orbit (LEO).
2. It became possible after institutional reforms that separated the roles of authorisation, commercialisation and research within India's space ecosystem.
3. Its long-term commercial viability depends not only on technological success but also on international launch demand, cost competitiveness and sustained launch reliability.
4. It signifies that government-operated launch vehicles have become redundant for India's future space missions.

The above statements have been associated with which of the following?

1. Expansion of India's commercial space ecosystem.
2. Outcomes of post-2020 space-sector reforms.
3. Strengthening of Atmanirbhar Bharat in strategic technologies.
4. Complete replacement of ISRO's role in India's launch programme.

Select the answer using the code given below:

broad-based increase in demand across the economy.

1. Persistent divergence between Wholesale Price Index (WPI) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) may indicate that producers are unable to fully pass rising input costs to consumers.

III. Sustained decline in Producer Price Index (PPI) in a major exporting country can moderate inflationary pressures in an importing country through cheaper imports.

Which of the following information/evidence support(s) the above statements?

1. Core inflation excludes food and fuel because these components are highly volatile, making it a better indicator of underlying demand conditions.
2. Manufacturing input prices increase while output prices remain nearly unchanged, resulting in pressure on producers' profit margins.
3. A prolonged negative Producer Price Index in China lowers export prices, enabling importing countries to experience lower imported inflation.
4. Any increase in Wholesale Price Index is immediately and proportionately transmitted to Consumer Price Index irrespective of demand conditions.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1. Equity aims at ensuring fairness in the distribution of opportunities and outcomes, rather than treating everyone identically.
2. Progressive taxation and targeted welfare schemes are instruments used to promote equity.
3. An economy can achieve high economic growth while still exhibiting significant inequity in income and wealth distribution.

Which of the statements given above are correct?